The Fall of the Ottomans

January 19, 2015
Rogan (The Arabs: A History), a scholar of modern Middle Eastern history at Oxford, conducted extensive research in Ottoman Turkish and Arabic primary sources to remedy the lack of English-language WWI history from the Ottoman perspective. The result is a sweeping and nuanced work that shows how, in the years preceding the war, “the Ottoman Empire had endured a revolution, three major wars against foreign powers, and a number of internal disorders.” Ottoman forces were thus at a marked disadvantage when war broke out, which was compounded by hubris and poor planning: “The rush to take on two Great Powers with inadequate preparation condemned both campaigns to catastrophic failure.” Istanbul proved resilient, though, and it was only the Arab Revolt that precipitated the end of the Empire. Of the most contentious issue in latter-day Turkish history, Rogan says Ottoman documents “make a mockery of any attempt to deny the Young Turk government’s role in ordering and organizing the annihilation of the Ottoman Armenian community.” Though sections of the book are heavy on military strategy and tactics, Rogan’s multifaceted analysis touches on everything from the use of Islamist discourse in political movements to the treatment of minorities in the modern Middle East. Photos. Agent: George Lucas, InkWell Management